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Invented in 1901 by the legendary George Luger, the 9mm Parabellum (or 9x19mm, or 9mm Luger) is one of the most superior cartridges in the world today. But what is the best 9mm ammo?
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From military special operations units to college offensive sports teams to millions of concealed carry, the 9mm has done it all and will continue to do it all for a long time to come.
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So in a world with more brands and types of 9mm than you can ditch, how do you know which one is the best?
How do you even define what is "best"? And where can you get a good deal on that?
Before we get serious, let's take a look at some cartridge basics and put them all on the same page. Then we'll see what
Hopefully we all know what a bullet is - that's the projectile that comes out of the barrel (at least that's the idea).
Sig Picture 1
While you will often hear people use the word "bullet" as slang for all cartridges, technically a bullet is just one part of a cartridge.
While any part of the cartridge can alter the performance characteristics, the shape of the bullet has the greatest impact on the target because it is what actually affects the target.
4 of the best 9mm ammo (and battery for size) from left to right: AAA Battery, Full Jacket, Post FMJ, Federal HST Jacketed Hollow Point, and Hornady Critical Defense FTX Polymer Tipped Jacketed Point
FMJ (Full Metal Jacket) - Metal jacket represents a leading edge. Very easy and cheap to operate.
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The important thing is that the brass only touches the barrel, unlike cast bullets which have no metallic coating.
JHP (Jacketed Hollow Point) - This bullet has a bullet or other core encased in a brass jacket with a carefully designed and tested hole showing the bullet and smooth nose.
To keep it simple, we'll just say that the opening is there to increase velocity once the bullet hits the target.
An added benefit is that it takes a lot of energy to do this and thus slows the bullet down on target. This goes a long way in preventing excessive penetration.
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Others - There are a few new bullet designs that didn't exist a couple of years ago.
Personally, I haven't found a reliable third-party test that proves these ideas. I've seen dozens of independent tests demonstrating the effectiveness of JHP and HP bullets.
For industrial ammunition, it is rare to know what kind of powder is in each type of cartridge, but the weight and shape of the bullet should be readily available.
If you want to restock, you'll need to know more about powder. Until then, it's best to just trust the manufacturer.
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Bonus: This photo is from our Handgun Caliber Guide. I highly recommend reading it, if you want to learn more about handgun and handgun cartridges.
The thing I always need to remind new gun owners is that life is not a video game. You don't have 100 health and 9mm does 1D10 damage per hit.
Some factors are related to the rifle you use, such as the length of the barrel. Others are environmental, such as living in Southern California at any given time. North Dakota in the winter.
In general, 9mm is ideal for 4-5 barrels. Getting ammo for barrels shorter than that is a niche that has been addressed recently in the market.
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If you are using something shorter than 4″, you may want to check back and see if some ballistic gel tests with the ammo of your choice.
If you live in an area where shorts and T-shirts are worn a lot year-round, you can be exposed to bullets that you may not be wearing away.
Conversely, if you have to protect yourself in cold weather where the bullet has to pass through one or more heavy coats, penetration becomes the deciding factor in what you buy.
Winter may make it easier for you to keep moving, but it also means more layers to go through.
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There is one way to think as FMJ bullets could be the answer for those who live in very cold areas where the bullets need a lot of penetration.
You can solve the problem with a hollow point designed for penetration as well as expansion (like any of the options from Hornady that feature polymer technology). This may be a more reliable option.
A good deal is the 124-grain bullet, which is also very popular with the police and military. In fact, the NATO standard on the sample is 124 gr.
As with the weather comparison, you have the option of going faster/more expansion or slower/better penetration. These are generalizations, so there are many exceptions in the real world.
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You mentioned penetration and scaling - what exactly am I talking about? Let's clearly define the rules that apply to firearms.
Defined as striking or moving through something. The FBI standard (a good standard to live by) is between 12 and 18 inches of penetration in ballistic gel.
Some rounds excel at penetration—in fact, they penetrate well. One concern is that the bullet will pass through the intended target and injure an innocent bystander rather than the target.
For a hand bullet, expansion is its ability to penetrate a target and end up at the end of its flight with a larger diameter than when it entered.
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A bullet designed for expansion is usually a JHP, in which the bullet body is encased in a soft, sometimes visible, lead or polymer tip.
There are many different types of bullets that increase, but the differences are not very important to the average person.
To calculate bullet power, take the weight of the bullet (in grains) multiplied by the bullet's velocity squared (in feet per second) divided by 450, 437.
So, for example, a 115-grain bullet at 1,150 fps will produce 337.6 feet-per-pound of energy.
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Force numbers can be deceiving and should not determine a bullet's effectiveness alone. As I mentioned below, power sometimes looks good on paper but does not translate well in the real world in terms of actual bullet effectiveness.
If you want to test this information yourself, a simple timer will help you get accurate data.
While some are silly and some are useful, the gold standard is the FBI Penetration Test.
The FBI has tested thousands of rounds and developed a standardized test to even out the playing field.
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We could do an entire article on testing (and should we...) but the short version is that you test ammo with a gel block and with things like heavy clothing, drywall, attached car doors, and car windshields.
In general, for the general average, the first thing we have to worry about is heavy clothing. Statistically speaking, it is rare for a civilian to need to shoot through drywall, a car door, or a windshield with a handgun in self-defense.
On the other hand, winter levels can be worn, depending on where you live, for half or more of the year.
It can be difficult to tell the difference between good and bad unless you prepare your own ballistic jelly. Thanks to the folks at Lucky Gunner who did a lot of testing and gave us the info.
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If you are ever suspicious about a type of defensive ammo, check out their lab test results to give yourself a clearer picture of what is going on.
However - all types of ammunition we recommend are the ones we trust with our lives. We do this because we have studied and shot them ourselves in training.
There are only three things I want from my practice ammo - I want it to be cheap, I want it to be reliable and I want the point of impact to roughly match the point of impact of my carry ammo.
Whether for training or just shooting at the range, FMJ ammunition is ideal for keeping costs down.
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Another great way to less hurt your wallet is to use steel- or aluminum-cased ammo. Steel can be hard to find these days because most steel ammo case options come from Russia and these sources have recently been banned. Hopefully, other countries will pick up the slack.
Both are great for keeping ammo costs down and completely safe to shoot in your handgun. It can work in feeding or extraction problems although these metals behave differently than copper.
As a note to our readers, we are sorry that a lot of the ammo we want to recommend may not be available when searching.
Besides CDC security measures, supply chains severely disrupted, and many other reasons - this ammunition shortage is not over yet and will likely continue for many more months.
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Usually, you can find this for a good price and plenty of it. I've burned several thousand rounds of Magtech and no
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